Spatio-temporal analysis of land use/land cover change through overlay technique in Kinnaur district of Himachal pradesh, Western Himalaya

Abstract

In the modern era of globalisation demand of natural resources is very high for the well-being of human; high demand results in the degradation of natural resources, uneven pattern of development and changes in naturally available resources. Changes in land use land cover (LULC) is a dynamic process, which varies with time and space. It is the main component in the planning and management of natural resources, and analysing the changes in the environment. There are many remote sensing and GIS-based model used by the researcher in the world to identify the land use pattern. Here, Digital change detection model is used to determine the changes in Land use and Land cover with geo-referenced multi-temporal remote sensing data. This present study is an attempt to identify the spatial-temporal variation of LULC in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh, based on the secondary data. Landsat imageries are collected from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for a different period like Landsat TM, Landsat ETM +, and Landsat OLI. Kinnaur district has witnessed many hydro-electric power projects, dam, tunnel and road construction, which has changed the pattern of land use in a few decades. It is indispensable to have a sustainable development mechanism for the fragile ecosystem. It includes the initiative of local government and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), government agencies and global partners to improve the degraded land condition.