Cellular communication during apoptosis

Abstract

Apoptosis is a biological process to destroy cells. It is very much necessary for the normal growth and function of multicellular organisms. If there is any abnormality in controlling the death of cell, it can lead to a range of diseases like cancer, autoimmune disorders, or degenerative disorders. Apoptosis is triggered by a number of different signalling pathways each of which is activated by the actions inside or outside the cell. But all apoptosis signalling pathways congregate on the same system of cell dismantling process that is triggered by caspases (a family of cysteine-aspartate proteases) which slice proteins where aspartate residues are found in a particular sequence.  Destruction and elimination of predestined cells is proficiently done by degrading of essential proteins of cell, degradation of DNA, and phagocytosis by other adjacent cells.